Launched in March 2022, the Mumbai Climate Action Plan (MCAP) is the city’s first comprehensive climate roadmap, developed by the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) in collaboration with the Government of Maharashtra, WRI India (knowledge partner), and C40 Cities (technical partner). MCAP charts a 30-year path to net-zero emissions by 2050, while also preparing the city for intensifying climate risks like flooding, extreme heat, landslides, air pollution, and coastal threats.

As a policy framework, MCAP uses a data-driven, evidence-based approach and is closely aligned with the Development Plan for Greater Mumbai 2014–2034. It identifies Mumbai’s greenhouse gas emissions - estimated at 23.42 million tonnes CO₂e in 2019 - and outlines 24 strategic action tracks spread across six core sectors: Energy and Buildings, Integrated Mobility, Sustainable Waste Management, Urban Greening and Biodiversity, Air Quality, and Urban Flooding and Water Resource Management.

View Full Plan (PDF) 

Visit the Official MCAP Portal

A foundational input to MCAP is the Climate and Air Pollution Risks and Vulnerability Assessment (CHVA) report, developed with technical support from WRI India. The report includes the city’s first spatial vulnerability analysis, identifying risks linked to socio-economic and infrastructural factors, and informing targeted adaptation measures. Download the CHVA Report

In April 2024, BMC institutionalized an independent Environment and Climate Change Department to steer MCAP implementation. The department has created 41 new roles to anchor the city’s climate agenda. For the first time, the city’s FY2025–26 Municipal Budget included a dedicated allocation for this department, enabling focused financial planning.

On World Environment Day 2024, Mumbai released its first-ever Climate Budget Report, becoming the first urban local body in India—and only the fourth globally after Oslo, London, and New York—to do so. The budget directly integrates MCAP targets into the city’s financial planning and will be updated annually to guide future investments. Download the Latest Climate Budget Report

Flagship MCAP-Aligned Projects

WRI India continues to support implementation of MCAP through multiple projects in collaboration with BMC, NGOs, and community-based organizations. These include the Greening Vulnerable Neighbourhoods Project, TheCityFix Labs: Accelerating Nature-based Solutions, and Mumbai Green Yodha. As of now, 12 nature-based solutions (NbS) projects have been implemented, restoring 5.2 acres of land, planting over 16,700 saplings, treating 50 kld/year of effluents, training 526 people, and generating over 74 green livelihoods.

In December 2023, BMC’s Garden Department and Tree Authority, in collaboration with WRI India, released Mumbai’s first Greening Handbook to promote citizen-led planting across small (balconies), medium (residential complexes), and large-scale (public parks) spaces.

Several site-specific MCAP projects are underway:

  • Lal Maidan NbS Project in Lallubhai Compound is restoring 1886 sq.m. of open space with ecological design, community involvement, and low-maintenance green infrastructure.
  • Marol Urban Forest – Phase 1 introduced eco-sensitive design for heat and flood mitigation; Phases 2 and 3 will extend efforts over six acres near the Mithi River.
  • Climate Resilient Streets is redesigning 10 key intersections across Mumbai using principles of percolation, shade, pollution reduction, and accessibility.
  • Groundwater Recharge and Conservation Strategy, implemented in partnership with ACWADAM and Pani Haq Samiti, is conducting citywide aquifer mapping and pilot recharge interventions integrated into urban infrastructure.

Together, these projects reflect MCAP’s mission to embed climate action into Mumbai’s governance, infrastructure, and community systems.